Engine starting system.



W. A. CHHYST ENGINE STARTINQSYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 25. 1914.

Patented Dec. 24, 1915. I

mfhesses fnvenfor PATENT QFEIOE,

WILLIr-ljl't A. CHRYST, OF DAYTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOB, TO THE DAYTON ENGINEERING LABORATORIES COMPANY, A COBPOEATlON OF OHIQ.

ENGINE S'liiRTING SYSTEM.

re eases,

application filed May To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Vilnius A. CHRYsT, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Dayton, county of Montgomery and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Engine Starting Systems, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to starting devices for combustion engines and more particu larly to starting devices, wherein an electric motor is used for granlging a gas engine.

In devices ofltjiis character, where the.

. adoptedherein, the electric motor is given a slow initial movement 3y utilizing an auxiliary field connection which gives a different field intensity from the field used for the main cranliing operation.

Further objects and advantages of the present invention will appear from the following description, reference being had to the accompanying drawin 's,,whcrein a pre' ferred form of one embodiment of the present invention is clearly shown.

In the drawings: n

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view -oi an electrical system embodying the present invention. v

F ig. 2 is a fragmentary plan view of the starting unit, the shit'table transmission gear and engine, the gear being shown in. uncoupled position.

Fig. 3 is a detail fragmentary view of the arrangement of the shiftablc transmission devise for cooperating with the driving pinion of the motor and the gear wheel which operates relative to the crank shaft oi the engine.

The present invention referably com- Patented Dec. 24, 1918.

3214. Serial No. 840,761.

prises a dynamo electric'machine, similar in certain of its parts to the structure set forth in the co-pending applications, Serial No. 33,443, filed June 15, 1911, now Patent 1,150,523, Aug. 17,1915, Serial No. 721,237, filed September 19, 1912, now Patent 1,240,348, Sept. 18, 1917, and Serial No. 789,6i1,:filed September 13, 1913, now Patent,

resales, Dec. 18, 1917,.

'lh' devices shown in the applications just referred to, are what is known as the single unit type of machine, wherein the'electrie machine acts as a. motor to crank the engine and also as a generator to store power in the batteries. But, the present improvements have to do only with the motor operation of devices of this character, that is, the operation of the electric machine acting as a motor to crank the engine, and as above explained, having arrangements to provide a preliminary or slow initial movement for the purpose of connecting or enmeshing the electric motonwith the engine;

While therefore these improvements are shown for convenience, particularly, with the complete system referred to, it is to be understood that the inventions are applicable to any form of motor starting device.

While the structure set forth in the copending applications is similar asregardmg -cortain parts to that of the present invent-ion, certain novel elements and combine tlous of elements have been included in the present invention which are entirely apart from tb; applications mentioned above. Referring to the drawing, and particularly to Fig. 1, the numeral 20 designates any suitable accumulator orbattery of a predetermined numbcr of cells, and adapted to be connected. to the electric machine, to op' e ate the same as a motor, through the following circuit:

From thc battery 20, through the wire 21,

which in the present case is common both and the armature withthe main series the series winding it will pass through the wire 2?, brush 28, armature 29, brush 30, back to the battery, via. the wire 31.

The above clearly describes thetcircuit which is employed when the motor is used for starting purposes. The motor, however, is initially or normally disconnected from the engine, and it is therefore advisable to have Some means for connecting the motor with the engine for starting purposes.

In one of the preferred forms of so connecting the engine and motor for starting purposes, a shiftable transmission or nectmg device is employed, which-comprises a pair of pinions 102 and 103 respectively, of different diameters, one of which is movable into engagement with the armature pinion 101, while the other will engage with the teeth IO-l'formed on or connected to the periphery of the flywheel. I

It will sometimes occur that when the motor or transmission members are at rest, the teeth of the respective members will so conflict that it. is impossible to shift the transmission gearing to couple up the engine and the motor, without first changing the relative position of the transmission pinions pinion.

The shifting of the movable element 23 of the controller switch is eti'ected by the rod 106, which also controls the shifting of the transmission members 102 and 103, but the relative arrangement of the element 23 of the switch, and the transmission pinions is such that the shifting of the switch will not occur until a complete emneshment of the pinions 102 and 103 has been effected with the armature pinion 101 and the flywheel teeth 104.

he inherent construction and arrange ment of the motor in the present invention is adapted to facilitate an shifting of the transmission members to eli'ectually couple up the motor to the engine for starting purposes, and con'lpriscs a supplemental series eld winding 32, is preferably included in the same field coil structure as the series winding his suppleim-ntal series field winding is of higher resistance than the main series winding 25, so that at such times as the motor is operated under the eii'ect of this supplemental series winding alone, thetorque and speed of the motor will be reduced as compared to the ordinary torque and speed when operatlng for starting purposes.

his winding 32,

as is clearly shownin Fig. 1 is preferably connected 'in parallel winding 25, at such times as the shiftable element 23 of the switch is in its dotted line position, so as to close a supplemental circuit through the con tact. 94.

By referring to Fig, 1, it will be seen this construction,

masses that the contact element 24" is connected with the conductor 24*, which in turn'ii'smm nected ,to the wire or conductor 37 on the battery side of the supplemental coil or winding 32. N ow, as'the switch element 23 is moved to dotted line position, the current will not only how from the common swi oh plate 22 to the motor plate 24 and thence through the main series winding25 to t e armature 29, but a certain amount of 0' rent will alSO pass through the conductor 24", wire 37, supplemental coil 32, thence'to the armature 29, via the conductor 27; In it will be seen that the supplemental winding 32 is in parallel with the main series winding 25, with the common armature 29. his construction and arrangement of the give an accumulative effect when the machine is operating as a motor and will tend to increase the torque effect of the motor, t as increasing the efhciency thereof as a cranking device.

However, when the which in the present instanceis' shown as a push button, is operated to close the contacts 35 and 36, a circuit will be closed from the battery wires 34, tively, branch wire 37, winding 32, to the brush 28, via wire 27, across the armature 29, through brush 30, via wire 31.

This circuit will shunt around the main series winding 25, so that the series winding 32 will constitute the only' series winding of the motor, and thus will result in the motor operating at a reduced speed, and with a ret uced torqueefiect, because of the relative high resistance of this winding, as compared with the resistance of the main series winding.

This movement of the. armature of the motor at a slow initial speed and with slight torque eli'ect, constantly changes the relative positions between the teeth of the pinionand the teeth of the armature pinion- 102 101, so that as soon as any pressure is applied to the rod 106, in an attempt to pull the transmission pinion into engagement with the motor and with the lengine, this engagement will efl'ected, inasmuch as the conflict between the faces of the teeth on the "pinion 102 the pinion 101 will be entirely eliminated at least to all practical purposes.

It will further be seen that by having the supplemental series winding 32 connected in parallel with the main winding 25, dur mg tl I I although the supplemental 25, there will be a certain windings will controller element 33, i

20, through the wire 21, branchcontact plates 35 and 36 resp'ec with those on winding f higher resistance than the winding amount of current, v which will pass through this winding, which;

back to the battery,

winding 51.

- rest and the battery is partly charged.

will, f course, tend to create a field of its own, and this field will simply be in ac cumulation with the field created by current passing through the main series winding The accompanying drawing illustrates one form of the present invention, but it will be obvious that a i'ariety of other forms may be employed to secure the desired rematically the electrical connections for the machine, when it is employcd as a generator.-

The generator 530' is preferably of the shunt wound type aiid comprises the field The voltage of the generator is preferabl controlled by means ofa regulator 52, which may be of the type shown in the co-pending application, Serial No. 711,234, filed August 9, 1912. A cutout device 53 is also provided, to prevent the battery from charging back through the generator and operating the same as a motor, at

such times as the voltage of the battery be-- comes greater than the; voltage of the generator, or at such times as the generator is at This cutout relay device has been fully described and shown in connection with the eo-pending application, Serial No. 721,237, filed September 19, 1912, now Patent 1,210,348, Sept. 18, 1917.

Of course, when the electric machine coinbines both the function at a motor and gen erator, it is necessary to provide some drive from the engine to the generator, in order to operate the same. and in this case, such as is clearly shown in-the co-pending application, Serial No. 721,237, filed September 19, 1912, suitable clutch mechanism will be. provided to permit the machine to be run as a motor, 'frec from connection with the engine, which is necessary to operate'the machine as a motor.

. In Fig. 2 of the drawing, a. drive similar to that described in the co-pending application referred to above is clearly shown, wherein connection is made with the timing gears so as to drive the shaft 107 at substantially engine speed. The clutch mechanism referred to above may be of any suitable type and is inclosed in the casing 108, and is so arranged that when'the electric machine is operating as a motor, a relative movement will be possible between the shaft 10'? and the armature shaft.

By referrin to Fig. 3, a fragmentary dctail view of t to starting gearing is clearly shown. The armature pinion 101 is'shown as being enmeshed with the pinion 102, while the pinion 103 of the shiftable mechanism is engaged with the teeth formed on the pe' ripher of thetlywheel.

It will sometimes happen that the engine will become self-operating while the above described gearing is still in mesh, and in this case, of course, would rotate the armature at an extremely high speed. i

In order to prevent this. a. friction clutch 109 may be provided between the elements 102 and 103, so as to permit the flywheel 105 and the pinion 103 to run ahead of the pinion 1012. and the "armature pinion 101, at

such times as the speed of the engine be- .coznes greater than the speed of the motor.

i i hile the form of mechanism herein described constitutes a preferred form of embodiment of the invention, it is to be understood that other forms may be adopted, all coming within the scope of the claims which follow. i

What .1 claim' is as follows:

1. In a starting device for engines, the combination with an electric machine operable as a motor and having a main series winding operable to effect a field of high intensity, to be used for starting purposes, and a supplemental series field winding operable to effect a field of low intensity, to be used for imparting a slow initial operation to the electric machine; ofhu accumulator; circuit connections between the accumulator and the windings of the electric machine; shittable connections between the engine and electric machine; and means for initially closing the motor circuit through the supplemental field winding only to give a low intensity field, and subsequently for shifting said shiftabl'e connections into engagement and for closing the motor circuit through the main winding to give a field of high intensity.

, 3, in a starting device for engines, the

- combination with an electric motor, comprising a pair of series field windings of differ cut resistances; of an engine; normally disconnected means operable to couple up the motor and'engiue for starting purposes; a current source; means for initially connecting said source with the series winding of greater resistance only, whereby to operate the motor initially with a reduced torque elicctto facilitate connecting up of the enginc and the motor; and means for connecting'thc coupling means and for connecting the current source with the series winding of less resistance, whereby to operate the motor to crank the engine.

in a starting device for engines the combination with an electric lilOtOl including a plurality of series field windings and a common armature. winding: means for connecting the engine and motor together for starting purposes; a source of current; circuit connections bntwnen the suture Oi cur rent and the mutoi' windings; and means for initially closing (ii a circuit mnneciions through One of said series windings and the armature Winding to ifziciiiizite the c0nnection of the motor to the engine; and means for controlling the connecting means and for cnnnecting the source of current and said 1,22 man series windings in paraiiei, and together in 10 series with the armature winding for operating the motor for starting purposes.

In testimony whereuf I afiix my signature in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM A. CHRYST. Witnesses:

J. K MCDONALD, O. Diviowny. 

